Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) comprises genetic profiling of embryos before they are implanted and of oocytes before fertilization. Hence, PGD is a technique used for the detection of genetic conditions and diseases prior to the implantation of an embryo. A range of medical abnormalities can be detected by the use of PGD such as inheritable diseases, Down’s syndrome, and various physiological abnormalities. Factors such as the increasing occurrence of genetic diseases in infants and rising awareness about PGD techniques are amongst the chief factors fuelling the market for pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.
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On the basis of test type, the market for preimplantation genetic diagnosis is segmented into PGD for chromosomal aberrations, PGD for gender selection, PGD for X-linked diseases, PGD for HLA typing, PGD for aneuploidy screening, and PGD for single gene disorders. PGD is utilized for the selection of embryos without any genetic disorders for enhanced chances of pregnancy, lower cancer disposition, and sex selection. The three prime application areas of PGD are detailed as follows:
In all, three assessments take place before the start of the PGD process to prevent inherited disorders. For the validation of the usage of PGD, gender selection takes place on the basis of the inherited condition’s seriousness, the disease treatment options, and the risk involved in the process. PGD is also occasionally utilized for the detection of a specific disability or disease such as deafness, etc. in the embryo.
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The major players operating in the preimplantation genetic diagnosis market are Genea Ltd., Genesis Genetics, Illumina, Inc., Natera, Inc., Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, PerkinElmer, Inc., Reprogenetics LLC, Reproductive Genetics Institute, and Quest Diagnostics, Inc., among others.